The goal of the CPI 260® assessment, which is derived from the full 434-item
California Psychological InventoryTM (CPI™) instrument, is to give a true-to-life
description of the respondent in clear, everyday language (Gough & Bradley,
2005). The CPI 260 assessment measures 29 distinct psychological constructs grouped
into 6 scale categories:
• 7 Dealing with Others scales, focusing on the manner
in which social participation is expressed
• 7 Self-management scales, assessing self-discipline
and acceptance of societal rules
• 3 Motivations and Thinking Style scales
• 3 Personal Characteristics scales
• 6 Work-Related Measures scales, assessing disposition
at work
• 3 High-Order Measures scales, assessing personal orientations
The attributes of the CPI 260 instrument come from the language of everyday life,
more specifically from what may be called “folk concepts” (Gough & Bradley,
2005). A folk concept is a construct about personality that all people everywhere
use to comprehend their behavior and the behavior of others. The CPI 260 instrument
was designed to assess a sufficient number of folk concepts so that any consequential,
recurring form of interpersonal behavior can be forecast, either from a single scale
or from a combination of scales.
The scales of the CPI 260 instrument were developed empirically—that is, scale
items were selected on the basis of associations with external or nontest specifications
of the attribute to be assessed. This method emphasizes validity over reliability
and was used to design scales capable of predicting important criteria such as managerial
performance and a worker’s dependability.
As discussed in the manuals for the 434-item inventory (Gough & Bradley, 2002;
Gough & Cook, 1996), abundant empirical and theoretical source material exists
for the CPI instrument, which enjoys more than 50 years of usage, translations and
study in more than 40 languages, and a
bibliography of approximately 2,000 titles. Because of the very strong correlations
between CPI 260 scales and their corresponding measures on the 434-item CPI instrument,
data found in the CPI™ Manual and research literature can be safely applied to interpretation
of the CPI 260 scales. The CPI™ Manual reports internal consistency (alpha) coefficients
for the CPI 260 assessment scales based on a random sample of 3,000 males and 3,000
females, ranging from .54 to .86 with a median of .75. Test-retest correlations
for high school students over a one-year interval range from .52 to .73 with a median
of .66. Test-retest correlations for adults over a 10-year interval range from .49
to .85 with a median of .77.